Which government agency plays a crucial role in ensuring the health and well-being of military personnel?

The Department of Defense Military Health System is the correct answer because it is specifically designed to provide healthcare services to military personnel, their families, and retirees. This system encompasses various organizations and programs aimed at delivering comprehensive medical care, health benefits, and wellness services tailored to the unique needs of service members.

The Military Health System includes hospitals, clinics, and other facilities dedicated to offering both routine and specialized medical care. It works to ensure that active-duty service members receive the care necessary to maintain their readiness and health, addressing both physical and mental health needs effectively.

While the Department of Health and Human Services also plays an important role in public health at large, its focus is not exclusively on military personnel. Similarly, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services administers federal programs that primarily target the elderly, low-income individuals, and certain disabled populations, making it less relevant to military-specific healthcare. The National Institutes of Health is mainly focused on medical research and does not provide healthcare services directly to military members.